
These are common vision problems that occur when the shape of the eye prevents light from focusing directly on the retina.
Refractive errors such as nearsightedness, farsightedness or astigmatism lead to blurred vision, affecting the ability to see objects clearly at various distances. Refractive errors are typically corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.

Symptoms of refractive errors
- Blurred vision, either up close or far away (near or short sightedness)
- Difficulty seeing at night or in low-light conditions
- Eye strain, headaches, and fatigue, especially after reading or using digital devices
- Squinting or frequent blinking to try and focus better
- Double vision
Causes
Refractive errors occur when the shape of the eye is irregular, causing light rays to bend incorrectly.
Risk factors
Family history
Age
Environmental factors such as excessive screen time or working with items close up
Diabetes or thyroid disorders
Eye injuries or trauma
Common refractive errors
Myopia (nearsightedness): The eye is longer than normal or the cornea is too curved, causing distant objects to appear blurry.
Hyperopia (farsightedness): The eye is shorter than normal or the cornea is too flat, causing close-up objects to appear blurry.
Astigmatism: The cornea or lens has an irregular shape, resulting in distorted or blurred vision at all distances.
Refractive error treatments
Treatment options for refractive errors depend on the type and severity of the condition as well as your individual preferences.
Prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses to correct vision
Special contact lenses to reshape the cornea temporarily
Refractive surgery, such as LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) or PRK (photorefractive keratectomy), to reshape the cornea
It is recommended you reduce the strain on your eyes as much as possible by decreasing screen time, using proper lighting, and by taking regular breaks from delicate work
Refractive errors: Book a consultation
Should you notice any changes in your vision, or feel concerned about your sight, we recommend making an appointment with an ophthalmologist.
"*" indicates required fields
Laser treatment options for refractive errors